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# The Knowledge Engineers
> The Knowledge Engineers is an independent research institute that publishes market data and research on business technology, with the source, the period and the method attached to every figure.
The Knowledge Engineers is published by G-Cas B.V. (hello@theknowledgeengineers.com). 744 data points across 13 reports, and ranked guides to 2635 products in 185 categories.
Every figure carries the dataset it came from, its reference period and a confidence label. Figures may be quoted and republished with attribution to The Knowledge Engineers and a link to the report they came from. The full index is downloadable as CSV and JSON at https://theknowledgeengineers.com/data.
## Industry reports
- [Industry Reports on the Business Software Market](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports): 13 industry reports with 744 sourced data points on how companies work worldwide: regional comparisons of access, technology production, research spending and skills, plus cloud, AI, e-commerce and security adoption inside single markets.
- [Digital Access by Region: North America, Europe and Asia Compared](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/digital-access-by-region): The World Bank puts internet use at 95.6% of the population in North America and 92.4% in Europe in 2025, against a world average of 73.6%. Fixed broadband tells a similar story. Mobile subscriptions do not: Asia-Pacific leads there at 135.1 per 100
- [Where Technology Is Made: Exports and R&D by Region](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/technology-production-by-region): The three parts of the technology economy sit in three different places. North America spends 3.3% of GDP on research and development, more than any other region. Asia-Pacific earns 26.4% of its goods exports from ICT hardware, against 4.2% in Europe
- [The Wealth and Skills Behind the Software Market](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/wealth-and-skills-by-region): Income per head in North America is $86,308 against $34,604 in Europe — a gap of 2.5 times between the two richest regions on earth. On tertiary enrolment the order reverses: Europe leads at 84.9% against 79.0% in North America. Software is sold into
- [CRM, ERP and BI Adoption in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/crm-adoption-europe): Eurostat puts CRM use at 28.5% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees in 2025. ERP is far more common at 46.5%, business intelligence far rarer at 16.3%, and close to half of European companies run none of the three. The gap that matters is not
- [Cloud Computing Adoption in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/cloud-adoption-europe): Eurostat puts paid cloud use at 52.7% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees in 2025. Among companies with 250 or more staff it reaches 84.7%; among those with 10 to 49 it is 49.3%. What Europe buys is still mostly e-mail, office software and st
- [AI Adoption in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/ai-adoption-european-enterprises): Eurostat records AI use at 19.9% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees in 2025. Among enterprises with 250 or more staff it is 55.0%, against 17.0% for those with 10 to 49. Text analysis is the most common technology and marketing is the most c
- [E-commerce Sales in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/ecommerce-sales-european-enterprises): Eurostat records e-commerce sales at 23.6% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees in 2025, of which 20.7% sell through a website, app or marketplace. Large enterprises reach 48.5%; the smallest bracket sits at 21.4%. Cross-border selling remains
- [ICT Security Measures in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/ict-security-european-enterprises): Almost every European enterprise takes at least one ICT security measure: Eurostat puts it at 92.8% in 2024. Depth is where it thins out. Only 5.5% use the full set of measures Eurostat asks about, 35.5% have a documented security policy, and 38.1% d
- [The ICT Skills Shortage in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/ict-skills-shortage-europe): Only 9.6% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees tried to recruit an ICT specialist in 2024, and 57.5% of those reported hard-to-fill vacancies. The barriers are evenly spread across applications, qualifications, experience and salary expectatio
- [Websites, Social Media and Digital Marketing in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/digital-marketing-europe): Eurostat puts website ownership at 79.0% of EU enterprises with 10 or more employees and social media use at 63.6%. What sits on those websites is thinner than the marketing industry assumes: 22.5% take orders, 9.1% offer a chat service, and 8.9% per
- [Corporate Training in European Enterprises](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/corporate-training-europe): Eurostat's continuing vocational training survey puts course provision at 54.9% of enterprises in 2020, rising to 67.4% once informal formats are counted. 32.6% provide no training at all. Where training does happen it reaches 42.4% of employees and
- [Software Pricing Transparency: 58% Publish a Price](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/software-pricing-transparency): Of 2635 business software products we track, 1539 publish pricing and 1022 quote on request. The breakdown, by category.
- [Where Business Software Comes From: 65 Countries](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/reports/where-business-software-comes-from): The 2635 business software products we track come from 65 countries. The full vendor map, and why establishment matters more than hosting.
## Market data
- [Market Data Index](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/data): Every figure we publish in one index: 486 data points from 22 primary datasets, with source, period and confidence. CSV and JSON included.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption by Country](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries): 33 country profiles for Europe: cloud, AI, CRM, ERP, e-commerce, security and ICT skills adoption, each against the regional average, with the source dataset named.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Albania](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/albania): Albania: 15th of 33 for online selling (27.9%), 33rd for documented security policies (13.6%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Austria](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/austria): Austria: 7th of 33 for AI use (29.9%), 22nd for documented security policies (29.1%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Belgium](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/belgium): Belgium: 2nd of 33 for ERP use (62.5%), 10th for documented security policies (40.3%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Bosnia and Herzegovina](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina): Bosnia and Herzegovina: 19th of 32 for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (4.0%), 31st for ERP use (25.1%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Bulgaria](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/bulgaria): Bulgaria: 24th of 32 for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (3.7%), 33rd for paid cloud use (17.8%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Croatia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/croatia): Croatia: 20th of 33 for paid cloud use (46.6%), 33rd for ERP use (21.9%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Cyprus](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/cyprus): Cyprus: 9th of 32 for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (6.5%), 27th for AI use (9.3%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Czechia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/czechia): Czechia: 6th of 33 for CRM use (36.2%), 25th for documented security policies (27.4%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Denmark](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/denmark): Denmark: 1st of 33 for AI use (42.0%), 6th for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (8.0%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Estonia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/estonia): Estonia: 10th of 33 for paid cloud use (60.7%), 22nd for CRM use (20.6%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Finland](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/finland): Finland: 1st of 33 for paid cloud use (79.2%), 15th for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (5.2%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in France](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/france): France: 6th of 33 for ERP use (53.9%), 27th for online selling (19.4%). 7 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Germany](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/germany): Germany: 4th of 32 for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (8.7%), 22nd for online selling (23.1%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Greece](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/greece): Greece: 5th of 33 for ERP use (54.8%), 31st for paid cloud use (24.3%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Hungary](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/hungary): Hungary: 18th of 33 for paid cloud use (48.0%), 31st for documented security policies (13.8%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Ireland](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/ireland): Ireland: 4th of 33 for paid cloud use (73.0%), 22nd for ERP use (33.8%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Italy](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/italy): Italy: 2nd of 33 for paid cloud use (75.6%), 29th for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (2.9%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Latvia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/latvia): Latvia: 6th of 33 for documented security policies (49.4%), 31st for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (2.4%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Lithuania](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/lithuania): Lithuania: 1st of 33 for online selling (43.0%), 26th for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (3.4%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Luxembourg](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/luxembourg): Luxembourg: 5th of 33 for AI use (33.6%), 31st for online selling (14.7%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Malta](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/malta): Malta: 1st of 32 for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (12.7%), 13th for documented security policies (39.2%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Montenegro](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/montenegro): Montenegro: 6th of 33 for online selling (34.6%), 29th for documented security policies (16.2%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Netherlands](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/netherlands): Netherlands: 2nd of 33 for CRM use (54.1%), 12th for online selling (28.6%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Norway](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/norway): Norway: 5th of 33 for BI software use (26.7%), 28th for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (3.2%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Poland](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/poland): Poland: 12th of 33 for documented security policies (40.1%), 32nd for hard-to-fill ICT vacancies (1.8%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Portugal](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/portugal): Portugal: 3rd of 33 for documented security policies (54.3%), 25th for paid cloud use (38.7%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Romania](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/romania): Romania: 5th of 33 for documented security policies (49.5%), 33rd for AI use (5.2%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Serbia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/serbia): Serbia: 4th of 33 for documented security policies (53.4%), 32nd for ERP use (23.1%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Slovakia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/slovakia): Slovakia: 17th of 33 for AI use (18.0%), 29th for ERP use (26.7%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Slovenia](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/slovenia): Slovenia: 11th of 33 for AI use (21.6%), 21st for CRM use (21.5%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Spain](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/spain): Spain: 3rd of 33 for ERP use (60.4%), 22nd for paid cloud use (41.6%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Sweden](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/sweden): Sweden: 3rd of 33 for AI use (35.0%), 28th for ERP use (28.1%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
- [Business Software and Digital Adoption in Türkiye](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/countries/turkiye): Türkiye: 20th of 33 for documented security policies (30.5%), 33rd for CRM use (11.8%). 8 Eurostat indicators with rank and distance from the median, plus the software vendors based there.
## Software advice
- [Software Advice: 185 Ranked Category Guides](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice): Ranked software advice across 185 categories and 2635 products, with the method, the authors and the disclosure on every page.
- [Sales & Marketing Software Advice](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/category/sales-marketing): 48 ranked software guides for sales & marketing, covering 660 products. 450 publish a price, the vendors sit in 45 countries, and every guide states its method.
- [People & Finance Software Advice](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/category/people-finance): 37 ranked software guides for people & finance, covering 540 products. 262 publish a price, the vendors sit in 36 countries, and every guide states its method.
- [Operations Software Advice](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/category/operations): 45 ranked software guides for operations, covering 686 products. 330 publish a price, the vendors sit in 36 countries, and every guide states its method.
- [Data & IT Software Advice](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/category/data-it): 55 ranked software guides for data & IT, covering 749 products. 497 publish a price, the vendors sit in 49 countries, and every guide states its method.
- [Best CRM Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/crm): The 14 best CRM tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Efficy leads.
- [Best Email Marketing Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/email-marketing): The 12 best email marketing tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Brevo leads.
- [Best Ecommerce Platform in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/ecommerce-platforms): The 14 best ecommerce platforms of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Medusa leads.
- [Best Website Builder in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/website-builders): The 12 best website builders of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Framer leads.
- [Best CMS Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/cms): The 14 best content management tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Payload leads.
- [Best Social Media Management Tools in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/social-media-management): The 16 best social media management tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Publer leads.
- [Best Digital Asset Management Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/digital-asset-management): The 16 best digital asset management tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Filecamp leads.
- [Best Live Chat Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/live-chat): The 14 best live chat tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Lime Connect (formerly Userlike) leads.
- [Best Customer Data Platform in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/customer-data-platform): The 13 best customer data platform tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Commanders Act leads.
- [Best Customer Success Software in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/customer-success): The 13 best customer success of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. Custify leads.
- [Best Online Course Platform in 2026](https://theknowledgeengineers.com/software-advice/online-course-platform): The 14 best online course platform tools of 2026, reviewed and ranked on setup effort, real price and how your data gets out. ablefy leads.
- [Best Virtual Event Platform in 2026](https://the
